Richárd Pomichal: The RelaÂtionÂship of CzechoÂsloÂvaÂkia and HunÂgaÂry in the 1920’s
In conÂseÂquence of the TriÂaÂnon dicÂtaÂtorÂship HunÂgaÂry lost two thirds of its terÂriÂtoÂry, one third of the HunÂgarÂiÂan nation found itself to be ruled by forÂeign powÂer. All of the HunÂgarÂiÂan govÂernÂments between the two world wars made efforts to change peace dicÂtaÂtorÂship. The HunÂgarÂiÂan govÂernÂments even had it clear that to this power supÂportÂer(s) are necÂesÂsary, since there was no hope that the neighÂbours volÂunÂtarÂiÂly renounce the newly gained terÂriÂtoÂries.
In 1921 the repÂreÂsenÂtaÂtives of BuÂdaÂpest and Prague even sit down to the meetÂing table, but did not sucÂceed. HunÂgary’s hopes were even decreased when CzechoÂsloÂvaÂkiÂa, YugoslaviÂa, and RomaÂnia in 1920-21 conÂcludÂed an alliance (kisÂanÂtant). Its goal was to hinÂder HunÂgaÂry.
At the beginÂning of the 1920’s it was not posÂsiÂble to speak against the TriÂaÂnon deciÂsion. To 1921 the new EuroÂpean order became firm, and there were no sucÂcessÂful agreeÂments with Poland and France. IstÂván BethÂlen, the Prime MinÂisÂter admitÂted that the new sitÂuÂaÂtion has to be acceptÂed. In that moment HunÂgaÂry was weak, so firstÂly it is necÂesÂsary to creÂate a good sitÂuÂaÂtion withÂin the counÂtry. Only from the secÂond part of the decade became HunÂgaÂry proÂvide forÂeign affairs activeÂly. It conÂcludÂed an alliance with the unsatÂisÂfied winÂner of the first world war, with Italy, ecoÂnomÂiÂcalÂly strengthÂened, and the artiÂcle of Lord RotherÂmere raised the attenÂtion of forÂeign counÂtries. FinalÂly, IstÂván BethÂlen Prime MinÂisÂter in March 1928 in DebÂreÂcen, revealed to the pubÂlic the progÂram of the peace reviÂsion. HunÂgaÂry became stronger, the BethÂlen-ÂcabÂiÂnet was sucÂcessÂful, but in 1929 an ecoÂnomÂic criÂsis began that sweeps away the govÂernÂment and at the same time shed light on Europe’s probÂlems moÂre. When the crises endÂed, Adolf HitÂler appeared in world polÂiÂticÂs.