The study gives a survey on theoretical and methodological issues of the research of Slovak-Hungarian literature relationships. The author states that while in the historical Hungary these relationships were asymmetric (the Hungarian literature was in dominant position), Slovakia between the two world wars the Slovak literature did not show appropriate invitation of Hungarian literature. After 1945 both, the academic, and the university-degree Slovak-Hungarian comparative literature research was very neglected, and the situation is still not ideal. The author, leaning on Péter Rákos, considering the axiologic aspects of comparative literature research, stresses the necessity of research of the three literatures – Slovak-Czech-Hungarian literature relationships.