VaÂlér VeÂres: FutuÂre Plans in the CirÂcle of the HunÂgaÂriÂan MinoÂriÂty Youth and the MajoÂriÂty Youth in the ConÂtext of Social and OriÂgin BacÂkground
FutuÂre planÂning of the HunÂgaÂriÂan minoÂriÂty youth and the majoÂriÂty living in the CarÂpatÂhiÂan Basin is on the one hand deterÂmiÂned by the regiÂon’s geneÂral social and ecoÂnoÂmic state, and on the other hand by the situÂaÂtiÂon of the social layer witÂhin the regÂion. In the cirÂcle of those young peopÂle who live in betÂter conÂdiÂtiÂons in the regiÂons – eitÂher the HunÂgaÂriÂan minoÂriÂty or the majoÂriÂty – signs of the lenÂgtheÂning of youth life period, lenÂgtheÂning of life period at schoÂols and the expanÂsion of eduÂcaÂtiÂon is visible. These chanÂges proÂmote the expanÂsion of post-material valuÂes that form the bacÂkground of the secÂond demogÂrapÂhic tranÂsiÂtion of a Van de Kaa-type. These results conÂfirm that staÂteÂment that the East-Middle-European chanÂges in having a baby and postpoÂning the time for famiÂly planÂning and getÂting marÂriÂed are presÂent not mainÂly in the regiÂons that are in disadÂvanÂtaÂgeÂous situÂaÂtiÂon after the sysÂtem changes, but on the contrary, in moÂre advanÂtaÂgeÂous regiÂons (our examÂples are mainÂly the young peopÂle from the majoÂriÂty in East Slovakia, from which many live in the prosÂpeÂrous Bratislava).
The social and oriÂgin bacÂkground witÂhin the regiÂons also very sigÂniÂfiÂcantÂly artiÂcuÂlaÂtes futuÂre strategies. MainÂly in the urbaÂniÂsed regiÂons – like BelÂsÅ‘-ErÂdély, FelÂviÂdék and VajÂdaÂság – sigÂniÂfiÂcant difÂfeÂrenÂtiÂaÂtiÂon by social bacÂkground can be seen. To the futuÂre plans we assigÂned youth groups having speÂcial social proÂfiÂle that to a cerÂtaÂin extent harÂmoÂniÂze with the class speÂciÂfic habits of Zinnecker-type and youth ideology. Young peopÂle with betÂter ecoÂnoÂmic and culÂtuÂral background, the „elite“ chose enterÂprisÂing chaÂracÂteÂrisÂtic of ecoÂnoÂmic class fraction, and the culÂtuÂral class fracÂtiÂon chose furÂther study or moÂre abstract, indeÂpendÂent way of life that is one of the signs of becoÂming indeÂpendÂent in young life, and as such is the expresÂsiÂon of the proÂcess of youth period changes. These chanÂges are presÂent in SzéÂkelyÂföld and KárÂpátÂalÂja even less slightly, but in the cirÂcle of young peopÂle in towns its signs are visible.
IntenÂtiÂon to work abroÂad in ErÂdély are sigÂniÂfiÂcantÂly strong, of which maÂin reaÂson is that the most part of young peopÂle is besiÂde the chanÂge of attiÂtuÂdes in conÂnecÂtiÂon with the expanÂsion of eduÂcaÂtiÂon and famiÂly planÂning is forÂced to reaÂliÂse its futuÂre plans that are comÂpaÂred with the opporÂtuÂniÂtiÂes „demanding“ abroad. This forÂcing power is seen in every regÂion, but in difÂfeÂrent extent and forÂces the young peopÂle of majoÂriÂty and the local HunÂgaÂriÂan young peopÂle to emigÂraÂte in the same extent. Although the opporÂtuÂniÂtiÂes to work abroÂad in the neigÂhbouÂring HunÂgaÂry are moÂre reaÂliÂsabÂle for the HunÂgaÂriÂan young people, theÂreÂfoÂre folÂloÂwing the recent trends, there are moÂre HunÂgaÂriÂans who emigrate.