Archaizing Neologisms of Transcarpathian Hungarian Language Varieties Related to Soviet Party and Collective Life
In the 1900s, the communist ideals of the Soviet Union had a profound impact on all aspects of life. The party leadership, in its efforts to create the ‘Soviet man’, sought to control everything, whether it was public life or the recreational opportunities of its citizens. The same applied, of course, to agricultural and industrial activities. Here the party leadership, in a spirit of constant competition, sought to achieve the best possible results, to prove to everyone that there was always room for improvement. The ideological and economic impact was, of course, not only felt in people’s daily lives, but also in the language they used. Many new concepts, objects, work processes and occupations were born, which had to be given a new name and became established in the language of minorities, including the Hungarian minority in Transcarpathia, as words without equivalents, in the form of direct borrowing. A significant number of these words are acronyms typical for the period in question and in historical and ethnographic research are nowadays mainly referred to as Sovietisms or historicisms. Of course, as stated in the title, this work is primarily concerned with those Russian and Ukrainian loanwords (or more precisely, some of them) that are also rooted in the Transcarpathian Hungarian language varieties, which were strongly connected to the political and economic institutions of the Soviet era, and as such, are gradually archaizing since the fall of the regime, as the generation of active workers grow older and die off.